Multilingual Computing
This section offers resources on a wide range of issues which face Internet users, from non-Latin character sets and encoding to developing web sites for multilingual audiences.
Multilingual Computing - Online language dictionaries
YourDictionary.com
Developed by: YourDictionary.com Type of resource: Web directory Target audience: General Cost: Free access
Comprehensive directory of online language dictionaries.
Dhttp://www.yourdictionary.com/languages.html
Multilingual Computing - Machine translation
Machine translation is far from perfect, but it can help you get an idea of the meaning of a web site or short text in another language. A selection of e-mail and web-based translation tools are listed below.
Babel Not: Machine Translation for the Technical Communicator
Developed by: Sandra Bologna, WTB Language Group Type of resource: Web article Target audience: General Cost: Free access
Machine Translation (MT) is the automatic translation of text from one language into another. This article by the WTB Language Group, Inc. looks at when machine translation is useful and how to prepare documents for machine translation.
Dhttp://www.wintranslation.com/articles/art05_0004_ machinetranslation.htm
PROMT Reverso Online
Developed by: Paralink Type of resource: Web site Target audience: General Cost: Free access
Translation from English to French, Spanish, Russian, German and back; French-German, French-Russian, German-Russian and German-French. Also offers an instant message translator.
Dhttp://translation2.paralink.com/
Commercial machine translation systems and computer-aided translation support tools compendium
Developed by: The European Association for Machine Translation Type of resource: PDF file Target audience: General Cost: Fee
Comprehensive reference guide to commercial and free resources, compiled by John Hutchins and Walter Hartmann. The most recent Compendium is available as a PDF file for a fee of 10 Euros. Older versions are available free of charge from John Hutchin's web site.
Dhttp://www.eamt.org/compendium.html
Multilingual Computing - Unicode and font resources
Russify Everything
Developed by: Siber Systems Type of resource: Web site Target audience: General Cost: Free access
"Russify Everything" provides detailed instructions on how to get a variety of software to work with cyrillic characters.
Dhttp://www.siber.com/sib/russify/
The Unique Unicode
Developed by: Ubiquity Type of resource: Web article Target audience: General Cost: Free access
"The Unicode character set is a character set projected to represent the writing schemes of all of the world's major languages. Unicode provides a unique number for every character, no matter what the platform, what the programme, or what the language." Read the full article by Mir Lutful Kabir Saadi for a good basic introduction to Unicode.
Dhttp://www.acm.org/ubiquity/views/v6i21_saadi.html
Unicode and Multilingual Support in HTML, Fonts, Web Browsers and Other Applications
Developed by: Alan Wood Type of resource: Web site Target audience: General Cost: Free access
"Have you ever tried to include a passage in a different alphabet in one of your documents, for example a quotation in Russian in an English document, only to find that you have no Cyrillic characters available? Or sent a Spanish document in electronic form to someone in Greece, only to be told that the accented Latin characters have been replaced by Greek characters? Or produced a Web page that includes technical symbols and found that it works with Windows but not with Mac OS or Unix?" Alan Wood shows you how to avoid these problems.
Dhttp://www.alanwood.net/unicode/
Multilingual Computing - Building multilingual sites
Multilingualwebmaster.com
Developed by: MultilingualWebmaster Type of resource: Web site Target audience: General Cost: Free access
MultilingualWebmaster.com offers articles on topics relating to Web sites for multilingual and international audiences; global_web_news, an e-newsletter focussing on global web development issues; and links to resources on topics such as machine translation, usability, and fonts and character sets.
Dhttp://www.multilingualwebmaster.com/
Multilingual Web Sites
Developed by: TechSoup Type of resource: Case study Target audience: General Cost: Free access
A short case study on the development of Multikulti, a UK site providing welfare-related information in eleven languages.
Dhttp://techsoup.org/howto/articlepage.cfm?ArticleI d=560
Using language information in XHTML, HTML and CSS
Developed by: W3C Type of resource: Web guide Target audience: General Cost: Free access
This W3C guide looks at the importance of providing information about the languages used on web pages, and takes you through the basic steps you need to take.
Dhttp://www.w3.org/International/tutorials/tutorial -lang/
Multilingual Computing - Writing for multilingual audiences
Writing for Translation
Developed by: MultilingualWebmaster Type of resource: Web article Target audience: General Cost: Free access
This article by Susan Harkus offers guidelines for writing texts which will be translated by either humans or machines.
Dhttp://www.multilingualwebmaster.com/library/writi ng-TR.html
Multilingual Computing - Multilingual online communities
Efficient Management of Multilingual Electronic Conferences
Developed by: Daniel Pimienta, Catherine Dhaussy Type of resource: PDF Target audience: General Cost: Free access
This article, published in Upgrade, looks at the "Efficient Management of Multilingual Electronic Conferences" (EMEC) methodology, which harnesses e-mail discussion lists, web pages, machine translation and human facilitation for the management of online conferences.
Dhttp://www.upgrade-cepis.org/issues/2002/1/up3-1Pi mienta.pdf
Multilingual Computing - General
Editor's choice: Multilingual Computing
Developed by: MultiLingual Computing Type of resource: Web site Target audience: General Cost: Free access
Web site of the "MultiLingual Computing & Technology" journal; offers a vast range of useful information for those needing to explore multilingual issues in depth.
Asia-Pacific Association for Machine Translation
Developed by: Asia-Pacific Association for Machine Translation Type of resource: Web site Target audience: General Cost: Free access
The association is comprised of three entities: researchers, manufacturers, and users of machine translation systems, and endeavors to develop machine translation technologies to expand the scope of effective global communications.
Introduction to Multilingual Computing
Developed by: Center for Educational Technology Type of resource: website Target audience: General Cost: Free access
The Center for Educational Technology's section on Multilingual Computing offers basic definitions of character sets and encoding, and overviews common encodings. The feature covers the use of mutliple languages on Windows and MAC operating systems, and how to obtain special characters (ie, characters with accents) in both, as well as how to facilitate multiple lanuage character display on the web.
Dhttp://www.cet.middlebury.edu/rsrc_multilingual_in tro.php
Is Your Website Lost in Translation? Top Ten Mistakes that companies make when creating multilingual websites
Developed by: Self SEO Type of resource: Web article Target audience: General Cost: Free access
Huiping Iler looks at mistakes ranging from not translating keywords properly to not communicating effectively with translators.
Dhttp://www.selfseo.com/story-18644.php
Multilingual Computing Resources Glossary
Developed by: Multilingual Computing Resources Type of resource: website Target audience: General Cost: Free access
A glossary of terms related to multilingual computing. The glossary details different standards as well as linguistic definitions to better understand the complexity of multilingual needs. In English and Japanese.
Dhttp://mlcr.nagaokaut.ac.jp/main1/glossary.html
The European Association for Machine Translation
Developed by: EAMT Type of resource: Web site Target audience: General Cost: Free access
"The European Association for Machine Translation (EAMT) is an organization that serves the growing community of people interested in MT and translation tools, including users, developers, and researchers of this increasingly viable technology." The EAMT site includes a compendium of machine translation software, links to related organizations, and information about MT-List, a discussion list concerning machine translation.